You can say "en plein", "en plein milieu de" or "au milieu de". Here are some examples of how "plein" is used from WordReference and the Oxford French Dictionary:
- en plein jour = in broad daylight
- en pleine nuit = in the middle of the night
- en plein soleil = in full sun/sunlight
- en pleine poitrine/tête = (right) in the middle of the chest/head
- en pleine ville/forêt/campagne = in the middle of the city/town, forest, countryside
- en plein été = at the height of summer (or) in the middle of summer
- en plein hiver = in the depths of winter (or) in the middle of winter
- en pleine mer = on the open sea
- en plein ciel = in mid-air
- en plein doute = full of doubts
- en plein milieu de ... = (right) in the middle of ...
- en plein air = in the open air
- en plein campagne = right out in the country
- en plein cœur de la ville = right in the heart of the city
- en plein jour = in broad daylight
- en plein nuit = in the middle of the night
- en plein mer = in the open sea (or) in the middle of the ocean
- en plein soleil = in full sun
- en plein vol = in mid-flight
The bottom line is that when you are presented with the phrase: in the middle of ...., you will know how to say it in French.
"Au milieu de" is very flexible. It would be written «au milieu de l'hiver ». It can mean "un arbre au milieu du parc" (as a precise and measured place), or it can be understood as "among" (parmi). Examples:
- au milieu d'hommes = among men
- au milieu de la cour = in the middle of the yard
- au milieu de l'océan = in the middle of the ocean
Notre voiture est tombée en panne en plein milieu de la rue = Our car broke down in the middle of the street.
Je suis en plein en train de faire quelque chose = I'm right in the middle of doing something.
Cela fait peine à voir que des gens meurent de faim même en plein milieu de l'abondance = It's a pity that some people starve to death even in the midst of plenty.
Ne va pas dans un endroit pareil en pleine nuit = Don't go to such a place at (in the middle of the) night.
Sa voiture a été dérobée en plein jour = His car was stolen in broad daylight.
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