Proverbes français

Proverbes français 🇫🇷 pic.twitter.com/0cwzSSvoto

— Faustine (@faustinefou) 9 novembre 2016

Kwiziq

Week 1 B1: L’été prochain, j’irai passer deux semaines à Paris !
Week 1 B2: This morning, I missed my plane to Paris

Week 2 A1: I adore my family...
Week 2 A2: Dear Mom, dear Dad, I'm having a great vacation...
Week 2 B1: Dear Sir or Madame, I'm writing to you because...
Week 2 B2: This weekend is going to be very busy...
Week 2 C1: Several shots were fired in front of the Urville bakery...

Week 6 Dictée A1: Marie in France
Week 6 Dictée A2: Saturday in Paris

Week 6 A1: Hello, I'm the new ...
Week 6 A2: Can you guess who I am?
Week 6 B1: For my next holidays, I ...
Week 6 B2: Two children are chatting ...
Week 6 C1: Excerpt from Peter Pan, by J. M. Barrie

Week 11 A1: I have three children...
Week 11 A2: When I was a teenager...
Week 11 B1: I've never known for sure...
Week 11 B2: What am I going to get her for our anniversary?
Week 11 C1: A thief tackled by an ex-rugbyman

Week 14 A1: Laura lives in a big house
Week 14 A2: Hi Adrien! Did you go to Thomas's party?
Week 14 B1: Next week, I'll go to Disneyland Paris with my friends
Week 14 B2: Before starting university in Italy ...
Week 14 C1: The French team only needed a final victory ...

Week 15 A1: In my family, we love animals!
Week 15 A2: What do you think of this dress?
Week 15 B1: During the current heatwave ...
Week 15 B2: Yesterday, Paula et Geoffrey moved.
Week 15 C1: No one is able to do without their cellphone.

Week 16 A1: At the hotel
Week 16 A2: A magical vacation
Week 16 B1: When I win the lottery ...
Week 16 B2: The worst vacation of my life!
Week 16 C1: La Vélo Francette

Week 17 A1: At the beach
Week 17 A2: On the road
Week 17 B1: I prefer going to the seaside
Week 17 B2: I always knew one day ...
Week 17 C1: After stopping in Caen ...

Week 20 A1: I love living in the town centre
Week 20 A2: I'm watching a French TV series
Week 20 B1: My brother and I have always loved video games
Week 20 B2: You couldn't find anyone more nervous...
Week 20 C1: After my daughter left university...

Week 21 A1: When I'm on holiday, I'm rather lazy!
Week 21 A2: At the hotel: I'm not happy at all
Week 21 B1: I've perfectly planned what I'll do on the day of the exam
Week 21 B2: I used to devour the adventures of Fantômette
Week 21 C1: Edith Piaf

Week 23 A1: Today, we're going to make a cake.
Week 23 A2: My problem is the following...
Week 23 B1: I invited my friends over for dinner tonight.
Week 23 B2: For as long I can remember...
Week 23 C1: After the doctors diagnosed my gluten allergy...

Week 25 A1: Hello, my name is Mylène Farmer
Week 25 A2: Before, I used to live in a small village
Week 25 B1: Next year, we'll go and spend our holidays in Montreal
Week 25 B2: Marina and her sister planned to meet up with their friends tonight
Week 25 C1: Talking to the police

De & Des

Sitesurf 

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girls' cats = des chats de (de+des = of some) filles

the girls' cats = les chats des (de+les = of the) filles

0

ReplyGive Lingot•7 hours ago

https://www.duolingo.com/comment/18053793

Prepositions

'in' or 'to' + country/state/region/city

For country:

• en + feminine countries.
  
• au + masculine countries.
  
• aux + plural countries.

For regions / states / counties:

en + feminine regions/states/counties

dans le (or dans l' in front of a vowel) + masculine regions/states/counties

au + Texas and Nouveau-Mexique

For city:

• à + city
• à la or au + city with an article

'dans' versus 'en'

Dans (+ article) is more precise (more physical/less general) than en.

en classe = in class.
dans LA classe = in THE class.


habiter + dans la rue/l'avenue
habiter + la rue/l'avenue
habiter + rue/l'avenue

All three are acceptable.

être/vivre + dans la/le + rue/avenue/boulevard, etc
être/vivre + rue/avenue/boulevard, etc

"se promener + sur l'avenue" = sur is only acceptable with avenue and with se promener

Transport:

 à + "individual" modes of transport (walking, bicycle, bike etc)
 en + "group" modes of transport (bus, coach, car, subway, etc)

These are acceptable:
par le + trains
par + planes

à vélo
en vélo

Compound nouns

 à = what something is designed for
e.g. un verre à vin = a wine glass.


de or en = what something is made of
e.g. un sac de cuir / un sac en cuir = a leather bag.


à la / à l’ / au / aux = what food is ‘made with’ or ‘flavoured with’
e.g. une glace à la vanille = vanilla ice cream.

Amir - J'ai cherché

• Ce titre est extrait de l'album : Au Coeur de Moi
• Année de sortie : 2016
• Label : Warner

I have searched for the meaning of my existence
I have let my innocence go
I have ended my defenseless heart
I have searched for
The love and the recognition
I have paid the price of silence
I'm hurt and restarting

You have given me the desire to be me
Give a sense of my why
You have killed the fear
who slept there, slept there
in my arms

J’ai cherché un sens à mon existence

J’y ai laissé mon innocence

J’ai fini le cœur sans défense
J’ai cherché
L’amour et la reconnaissance

J’ai payé le prix du silence

Je me blesse et recommence

Tu m’as Comme donné l’envie d’être moi

Donné un sens à mes pourquoi
Tu as tué la peur
Qui dormait là, qui dormait là

Dans mes bras

You-ou-ou-ou-ou

You’re the one that’s making me strong

I'll be looking, looking for 
You-ou-ou-ou-ou

Like the melody of my song

You-ou-ou-ou-ou

You’re the one that’s making me strong

I'll be looking, looking for

You-ou-ou-ou-ou

Like the melody of my song


J’ai cherché 
Un sens,
un point de repère

Partagé en deux hémisphères

Comme une erreur de l’Univers

J’ai jeté 
Tellement de bouteilles à la mer

J’ai bu tant de liqueurs amères

Que j’en ai les lèvres de pierre

 Tu m’as
Comme donné l’envie d’être moi

Donné un sens à mes pourquoi
Tu as tué la peur
Qui dormait là, qui dormait là

Dans mes bras



You-ou-ou-ou-ou

You’re the one that’s making me strong

I'll be looking, looking for

You-ou-ou-ou-ou

Like the melody of my song

You-ou-ou-ou-ou

You’re the one that’s making me strong

I'll be looking, looking for

You-ou-ou-ou-ou

Like the melody of my song


Au gré de nos blessures

Et de nos désinvoltures

C’est quand on n’y croit plus du tout

Qu’on trouve un Paradis perdu


En nous-ou-ou-ou-ou

you, you, you, you——

You-ou-ou-ou-ou
You’re the one that’s making me strong

I'll be looking, looking for

You-ou-ou-ou-ou

Like the melody of my song

(Like the melody of my song)
Tu m’as Comme donné l’envie d’être mo
i
Donné un sens à mes pourquoi

Tu as tué la peur
Qui dormait là, qui dormait là
Dans mes bras



You-ou-ou-ou-ou

You’re the one that’s making me strong

I'll be looking, looking for

You-ou-ou-ou-ou

Like the melody of my song
You-ou-ou-ou-ou

You’re the one that’s making me strong

I’ll be looking, looking looking for

You-ou-ou-ou-ou

Like the melody of my song
You-ou-ou-ou-ou


Double Pronoun Order/Ordre de deux pronoms compléments

https://www.lawlessfrench.com/grammar/double-pronoun-order/

http://french.about.com/od/grammar/a/objectpronouns_4.htm

Ending patterns to determine noun genders

http://renatrafikov.com/frenchfm/

Feminine Masculine -cé -tié -sé -té  -e -be -ce -ace -ance  -ade  -nde  -ude  -ee -ée -fe  -ie -ale  -ole -lle  -ule  -mme  -ine -nne  -ire  -iére  -rre  -ure  -se  -ise  -esse  -ite  -ue -ique -ion -sion -son -tion   -é -b -c -d -de -age -ége -ble -cle -me -isme -one -tre -ste -f -ing -i -k -l -m -n -o -p -r -oir -eur -s -t -et -ment -u -ou -eau -x

These endings are 100% feminine: -ance -ise -esse -nne -tié -sion

and these are 100% masculine: -isme -one -oir -b -d -ing -k -p -et -ou

Hope I can remember these.

http://french.about.com/od/grammar/a/genderpatterns.htm

Angry, Fear, Tired, Hate

Fear:
J'ai peur = I'm afraid

Je suis effrayé = I am scared, more than just afraid.

je crains = I fear


Anger:

Il est fâché = he's angry

Il est en colère = he is in anger

Tired:

Il sent la fatigue (noun) = he feels the fatigue

Il se sent fatigué (adjective) = he feels tired

Je ne suis pas fatigué = I am not tired

Hate:

J'ai horreur des haricots (from avoir horreur de) = I hate beans
Elle doit me haïr = she must hate me

Embarrassed:
Elle est gênée = she is embarrassed

A PARIS, ON AIME MANGER...

À Paris, on aime manger.

In Paris, we like to eat.


- Les Parisiens vont beaucoup au restaurant.

Parisians like eating out (go to restaurant a lot).


- On compte plus de quatorze mille restaurants dans la capitale française.

We count more than 14,000 restaurants in the french capital.


- Les habitants de Paris aiment aussi se faire plaisir et s'accorder une pause sucrée dans les boulangeries, pâtisseries, salons de thé et glaciers de la ville.

The residents of Paris also like to to have fun and and treat themselves to a sweet snack (break) in the bakeries, pastry shops, tea rooms and ice cream parlors in the city. 


- Il y en a dans tous les quartiers de la capitale française.

There are these in all the quarters of the french capital.


- Les spécialités pâtissières typiquement parisiennes ne sont cependant pas nombreuses.

The typically Parisian bakery specialties are however not many. 


- La plus connue est le Paris-Brest.

The best known (the most well-known/famous) is the Paris-Brest.


- C'est un gâteau qui a été créé en 1881, à l'occasion d'une course cycliste entre Paris et Brest.

It's a cake that was created in 1881 on the occasion of a bicycle race between Paris and Brest.


- Pour rappeler cet événement, un pâtissier a imaginé un gâteau qui ressemble à une roue de vélo.

To commemorate this event, a pastry chef imagined a cake that looks like a bicycle wheel.


- Il y a aussi le financier, petit gâteau inventé par le pâtissier Lasne, vers 1890.

There is also the financial cupcake invented by the pastry chef Lasne, around 1890.


- Son magasin était tout près de la Bourse.

His store was very close to the Stock Exchange.


- Et ses clients étaient souvent des financiers qui voulaient manger vite, sans se salir les mains.

And his clients were often financial people who wanted to eat fast, without dirty their hands.


- Alors, il a trouvé l'idée de faire un petit gâteau de la forme d'un lingot d'or.

So, he found (got) the idea of making a cupcake in the shape of a gold bar.


- Le Saint-Honoré est le gâteau du dimanche préféré des grand-mères.

The Saint-Honoré is the favorite Sunday cake for grandmothers.


- C'est un jeune pâtissier qui s'appelait Auguste Julien qui a imaginé ce délicieux gâteau à la crème vers 1850.

It's a young pastry chef named Auguste Julien that imagined (thought of) this delicious creme cake around 1850.


À ce moment-là, il travaillait dans la plus célèbre pâtisserie de l'époque qui se trouvait dans la rue Saint-Honoré.

At that moment, he worked in the most famous pastry shop of the time (found) on the Saint-Honoré street.


- Il a alors donné le nom de la rue à son gâteau.

He then gave the name of the street to his cake (he gave his cake the street name).


- Le gâteau parisien le plus à la mode aujourd'hui, est probablement le macaron lisse.

The most popular Parisian cake today is probably the smooth macaron.


- Des milliers de macarons sont vendus chaque jour à Paris.

Thousands of macarons are sold each day in Paris.


- Les pâtissiers proposent à leurs clients gourmands, pleins de parfums différents qui donnent de jolies couleurs à leurs gâteaux.

The pastry chefs offer to their foodie-clients full of different favors that give their cakes pretty colors.


- Un vrai plaisir pour la bouche.

A true pleasure for the mouth.


- Et pour les yeux.

And for the eyes.

Imperative Mood

For -ER verbs:

The imperative conjugations for nous and vous are the same as the present indicative, minus the final s for the tu form.

Verbs which are conjugated like -ER verbs (the indicative tu ends in -es), such as ouvrir and souffrir, follow the same rules as -ER verbs and drop the final s for tu. 

The imperative conjugations for all regular and most irregular -IR and -RE verbs are the same as the present indicative conjugations (meaning keep the s for tu).

Four irregular imperative verbs:
avoir
   (tu) aie
   (nous) ayons
   (vous) ayez

être
   (tu) sois
   (nous) soyons
   (vous) soyez

savoir
   (tu) sache
   (nous) sachons
   (vous) sachez

vouloir
   (tu) veuille
   (nous) n/a
   (vous) veuillez

http://french.about.com/od/grammar/a/imperative_2.htm

Future Tense

For future tense, all we need to do is use the infinitive form as root for -ER or -IR verbs and for -RE verbs, remove the final -e and add the future tense endings:

je          -ai
tu          -as
il           -a
nous     -ons
vous     -ez
ils         -ont

Infinitive	Future Root	Meaning	Similar Behaving Words
acheter	achèter-	to buy	achever, amener, emmener, lever, promener
acquérir	acquerr-	to acquire	conquérir, s'enquérir
appeler	appeller-	to call	épeler, rappeler, renouveler
aller	ir-	to go
avoir	aur-	to have
courir	courr-	to run	concourir, discourir, parcourir, more
devoir	devr-	must
envoyer	enverr-	to send
essayer	essaier-	to try	balayer, effrayer, payer
essuyer	essuier-	to wipe	appuyer, ennuyer
être	ser-	to be
faire	fer-	to do, to make
falloir	faudr-	have to
jeter	jetter-	to throw	feuilleter, hoqueter, projeter, rejeter
nettoyer	nettoier-	to clean	employer, noyer, tutoyer, more
pleuvoir	pleuvr-	to rain
pouvoir	pourr-	can
savoir	saur-	to know
tenir	tiendr-	to hold	maintenir, obtenir, soutenir
valoir	vaudr-	to be worth
venir	viendr-	to come	devenir, parvenir, revenir
voir	verr-	to see	revoir
vouloir	voudr-	to want

express need or obligation

the essential semi-auxiliary verb devoir, which means "must", "have to", or "need to" when placed before another verb.

• Je dois manger plus de légumes. — I must eat more vegetables.
• Ils doivent acheter plus de livres. — They need to buy more books.

Remember that the impersonal expression il faut + infinitive can also express a need or obligation.

• Il faut manger. — It is necessary to eat.
• Il nous faut payer des taxes. — We have to pay taxes.

You can also use the impersonal construction from the last unit, il est + adj + de.

• Il est nécessaire de reprendre le travail. — It is necessary to return to work.
• Il est nécessaire de faire attention. — It is necessary to pay attention.

Another way to express obligation is avoir à, though this is rarely used by French speakers because it tends to create vowel conflicts.

• Je sais ce que j'ai à faire. — I know what I have to do.
• J'ai quelque chose à vous dire urgemment. — I have something to tell you urgently.

What about when you want to say that you need something (instead of having to do something)? One way you learned previously is to use il faut with a noun instead of a verb.

• Il faut du lait. — Milk is needed.
• Il faut un début à tout. — A beginning is needed for everything.

A more common expression for need is avoir besoin de quelque chose. While this literally translates as "to have need of something", a better translation is "to need something".

• J'ai besoin d'un stylo. — I need a pen.
• Il a besoin d'eux. — He needs them.
• Elles ont besoin de magazines en anglais. — They need magazines in English.
• Vous avez besoin de ce produit. — You need this product.

You can also use this expression with verbs.

• Vous avez besoin de gagner plus d'argent. — You need to earn more money.
• Mes amis ont besoin de manger. — My friends need to eat.

Notice that besoin is invariable in this expression, but the noun besoin ("need") is just a standard masculine noun that does have a plural form.

• Il a des besoins importants. — He has important needs.
• Il y a un besoin urgent d'agir. — There is a pressing need to act.

Consider the difference between "I don't have to" and "I must not". The former expresses a lack of obligation, while the latter expresses an obligation to avoid an action. In French, to express a lack of obligation, use a negation with avoir besoin de or avoir à.

• Je n'ai pas besoin d'un stylo. — I don't need a pen.
• Nous n'avons pas besoin de votre permission ! — We don't need your permission!
• Elle n'a pas à parler. — She doesn't have to speak.
• On n'a pas à manger maintenant. — We don't have to eat right now.

To express "must not" in French, use a negation with devoir or il faut.

• Elle ne doit pas manger de poisson. — She must not eat fish.
• Nous ne devons pas nous mentir. — We must not lie to each other.
• Il ne faut pas réfrigérer les tomates. — One must not refrigerate tomatoes.
• Il ne faut jamais oublier les leçons de l'histoire. — We must never forget the lessons of history.

https://www.duolingo.com/skill/fr/Abstract-Objects

Quelque, quelqu'un & quelques-un(e)s

The indefinite adjective quelque ("some") can be combined with pronouns or nouns to create indefinite pronouns. For instance, chose means "thing", so quelque chose means "something".

• Nous écrivons quelque chose. — We are writing something.
• Je veux manger quelque chose. — I want to eat something.

Quelque can combine and elide with un ("one") to give quelqu'un ("someone"), which is singular.

• Quelqu'un est ici. — Someone is here.
• Je connais quelqu'un au restaurant. — I know someone at the restaurant.

For multiple people or things, use the plural forms quelques-uns (masc) and quelques-unes (fem), which are normally translated as "a few", or perhaps "some".

• Ce sont quelques-uns de nos meilleurs amis. — These are a few of our best friends.
• Quelques-unes de ces questions sont difficiles. — Some of these questions are difficult.

While quelqu'un only refers to people, quelques-un(e)s can refer to anything.

https://www.duolingo.com/skill/fr/Pronouns-2

Y & Lui

For most verbs, personal indirect object pronouns like lui can only refer to people or animals, but you can use the adverbial pronoun y for inanimate things.

• Elle ressemble à sa mère. ⇒ Elle lui ressemble. — She resembles her.
• Ça ressemble à un robot. ⇒ Ça y ressemble. — It resembles it.

Some verbs allow personal pronouns like lui to be used with anything you can personify. These verbs are dire à, demander à, donner à, parler à, téléphoner à, and ressembler à.

• L’enfant parle à son jouet. ⇒ L’enfant lui parle.
• Je demande un renseignement à la banque. ⇒ Je lui demande un renseignement.

Some French expressions don't allow any preceding indirect objects, notably être à, faire attention à, s’habituer à, penser à, revenir à, and tenir à.

• Tu fais attention à elle. (Not Tu lui fais...) – You are paying attention to her.
• Il pense à elle. (Not Il lui pense...) – He thinks of her.

Remember that y can also refer to locations.

• J'y vais. — I'm going there.
• Il y était. — He was there.

https://www.duolingo.com/skill/fr/Pronouns-2

Faire vs Rendre

In "Verbs: Present 1", you learned about the causative faire, which can indicate that the subject has directed someone to perform an action. Notice that faire is followed by an infinitive here.

• Je le fais réparer. — I am having it fixed.
• Elle lui a fait perdre 5 kilos. — She made him/her/it lose 5 kilos.
• Je leur ai fait faire de l’exercice. — I made them (get some) exercise.

The verb rendre ("to make") can also indicate that the subject has caused something to happen, but it's used with adjectives instead of verbs.

• Elle le rend heureux. — She makes him happy.
• Ça me rend fou ! — That drives me crazy!
• L'erreur a rendu le texte incomprehensible. — The error rendered the text incomprehensible.

https://www.duolingo.com/skill/fr/Verbs:-Infinitive-2

Stands for something

Sitesurf 

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"n'importe quoi" is short of "il n'importe pas quoi", meaning "it does not matter what".

So the n' is a negative.

https://www.duolingo.com/comment/6389254

Sitesurf 

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je dois en acheter un = je dois acheter un des chapeaux (one of the hats)

As I said, "en" can replace a singular (uncountable) or a plural:

• il y a de la viande; je dois en acheter (some)
• il y a des carottes; je dois en acheter (several)
• il y a des chapeaux; je dois en acheter un (one of them)

https://www.duolingo.com/comment/344650

vouvoyer = address as vous, speak formally
tutoyer = be informal, be on familiar terms
https://www.duolingo.com/skill/fr/Verbs:-Infinitive-2

subjunctive

BampaOwl 

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The six basic endings of the present subjunctive are -e, -es, -e, -ions, -iez, -ent. These are added to a stem which is derived as follows; take the 3rd person plural present indicative, remove the "ent" from the end, then add endings as above.So for boire, you take boivent, so the stem is boiv-, so the subjunctive is je boive.

BUT, quoting from my grammar book, "If the stem of the Present Indicative changes during the tense, the stem of the Present Subjunctive usuallyfollows suit. So for boire, the Present Indicative is bois, bois, boit, buvons, buvez, boivent, and the Present Subjunctive is boive, boives, boive,buvions, buviez, boivent.

Avoir and être are different, as you might expect. And then there's the Imperfect Subjunctive ...

Sitesurf wrote:
... "aimer que" which indeed drives the subjunctive mood in the subordinate clause, as well as the other appreciation verbs: apprécier, adorer, détester, haïr, préférer.

https://www.duolingo.com/comment/16040381$comment_id=16070931

Preposition + infintive

Pour generally marks the purpose, end, or object of an action. Can be translated to "in order to."

For c'est and il est, if it's a dummy subject:
impersonal expression + de + intransitive infinitive
or
impersonal expression + de + transitive infinitive + direct object

If it's a real subject:
impersonal expression + à + intransitive infinitive

http://french.about.com/od/expressions/a/impersonal.htm


the subject in the impersonal construction il est + adjective + de must be a dummy subject. If it's a real subject, you must use à instead of de.
https://www.duolingo.com/skill/fr/Verbs:-Infinitive-2

Passive infinitive follows the form: noun + à + infinitive

http://french.about.com/od/grammar/a/passiveinf.htm

These have different meanings depending on which preposition they use:

http://french.about.com/library/prepositions/bl_prep_a_vs_de2.htm